ITCZ UPSC | Understanding the Intertropical Convergence Zone for UPSC Preparation
The Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) is a belt of low pressure that encircles the Earth near the equator, where the trade winds from the Northern and Southern Hemispheres converge. It is formed due to the intense solar heating at the equator, causing warm, moist air to rise, creating clouds and frequent thunderstorms. As the air rises, it cools and loses moisture, leading to heavy rainfall. The ITCZ shifts north or south with the seasons, following the sun's position.